The barrier included guard towers placed along large concrete walls, accompanied by a wide area (later known as the "death strip") that contained anti-vehicle trenches, beds of nails and other defenses. The Wall cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany, including East Berlin. Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) on 13 August 1961. ![]() The Berlin Wall ( German: Berliner Mauer, pronounced ( listen)) was a guarded concrete barrier that physically and ideologically divided Berlin from 1961 to 1989. ![]() ![]() West and East Berlin borders overlaying a current road map ( interactive map)
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